After surgery, swelling is a common and natural response to healing. While some inflammation is necessary for tissue repair, excessive or prolonged swelling can delay recovery and increase discomfort. That is why post-surgical swelling management is a key focus during rehabilitation. Physical therapy offers effective, non-invasive strategies that reduce swelling, restore mobility, and promote circulation.
At Springfield Physical Therapy & Sports Rehab, we help patients understand and manage swelling through hands-on care, personalized exercises, and guided self-care strategies that support healing at every stage.
Why Swelling Happens After Surgery
Swelling occurs when fluid builds up in the tissues around the surgical area. It may cause stiffness, pressure, reduced movement, or even nerve irritation. While the body will gradually absorb this fluid on its own, physical therapy helps accelerate the process through techniques that improve circulation and lymphatic flow.
Without proper post-surgical swelling management, patients may experience slower healing, limited range of motion, and difficulty returning to normal activity.
Physical Therapy Checklist: Post-Surgical Swelling Management at Home and in the Clinic
Here are 10 therapist-approved strategies to help reduce swelling and support your recovery. Use this checklist to stay consistent with your care plan and make steady progress after surgery.
1. Elevate the Affected Area
Elevation helps fluid drain away from the surgical site and reduces pressure in the joint.
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Keep the operated limb up in the air when resting. Use pillows or a foam wedge to support your leg or arm. Aim for multiple 30-minute sessions throughout the day.
2. Perform Ankle Pumps or Gentle Movements
Low-intensity movement promotes circulation without stressing the healing tissue.
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If cleared by your therapist, perform ankle pumps, shoulder rolls, or gentle knee bends depending on your surgery. Repeat several times per hour to encourage blood and lymphatic flow.
3. Follow Compression Guidelines
Compression garments or wraps can help reduce swelling by applying gentle pressure.
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Wear compression sleeves or bandages as directed. These should fit snugly but not cause numbness, tingling, or pain. Your therapist can show you how to apply them correctly.
5. Stay Hydrated
Adequate hydration supports lymphatic drainage and tissue recovery.
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Drink plenty of water throughout the day. Aim for 6 to 8 glasses unless your provider gives different guidance. Avoid excessive caffeine or alcohol, which can worsen fluid retention.
6. Wear Loose, Breathable Clothing
Tight garments may restrict circulation and increase swelling.
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Choose soft, flexible clothing that allows free movement. Avoid elastic bands or seams that press into the swollen area. Proper clothing can make therapy sessions more comfortable and effective.
7. Avoid Prolonged Sitting or Standing
Staying in one position for too long slows circulation.
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Change positions every 30 to 60 minutes. If you are sitting, stand and take a short walk. If you are lying down, try gentle range-of-motion exercises or sit upright briefly. Your therapist can help create a movement schedule based on your procedure.
8. Keep Track of Your Symptoms
Noting changes in swelling can help your therapist adjust your treatment.
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Record the time, location, and level of swelling each day. Take photos if needed. Report any sudden increases, redness, or warmth to your healthcare provider or therapist.
9. Use Cold Therapy Responsibly
Cold is primarily helpful for pain control, but may help minimize any increases by constricting blood vessels and limiting fluid buildup.
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Apply a cold pack wrapped in a towel to the swollen area for 15 to 20 minutes after activity to help minimize any increases in swelling. Always follow your therapist’s instructions to avoid overuse or skin irritation.
10. Follow Your Physical Therapy Plan
Your home exercises and in-clinic treatments are essential for controlling swelling and regaining function.
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Complete your assigned exercises daily. Attend all scheduled sessions, and communicate any changes in symptoms with your therapist. Progress happens most reliably when the plan is followed consistently.
Let Springfield Physical Therapy & Sports Rehab Support Your Recovery Every Step of the Way
Swelling after surgery is common, but it does not have to slow you down. With the right tools and professional support for post-surgical swelling management, you can heal more comfortably and confidently. Contact Springfield Physical Therapy & Sports Rehab today to schedule your post-surgical evaluation. Our team will help you manage swelling, regain mobility, and get back to doing what you love.
